Acute kidney injury risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of acute kidney injury include exposure to contrast, volume depletion, hemodynamic instability, advanced ages, hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of acute kidney injury include exposure to contrast, volume depletion, hemodynamic instability, advanced ages, hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Common Risk Factors
- In ICU patients
- Age more than 65 years
- Diabetes
- Presence of infection
- Acute circulatory or respiratory failure
- Past history of chronic heart failure (CHF)
- Pre-existing kidney disease, lymphoma or leukemia
- Use of aminoglycosides
- Cirrhosis
- In patients undergoing open heart surgery
- Advanced age
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hypertension
- Impaired left ventricular function
- Urgent operation or reoperation
- Prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp periods
- Hypothermia
- Re-exploration for bleeding or pericardial tamponade
- Systemic infection
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Cerebral vascular disease
- COPD
- In patients exposed to contrast media
- Pre-existing renal disease
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- CHF
- Advanced age (especially >75)
- Volume depletion
- IABP
- Anemia
- Hemodynamic instability
- Concurrent nephrotoxic medications
- High osmolality or large volume of contrast media
References
- ↑ de Mendonça A, Vincent J, Suter PM, Moreno R, Dearden NM, Antonelli M, Takala J, Sprung C, Cantraine F (2007). "Acute renal failure in the ICU: risk factors and outcome evaluated by the SOFA score". Intensive Care Medicine. 26 (7): 915–21. doi:10.1007/s001340051281.
- ↑ Uchino S, Kellum JA, Bellomo R, Doig GS, Morimatsu H, Morgera S; et al. (2005). "Acute renal failure in critically ill patients: a multinational, multicenter study". JAMA. 294 (7): 813–8. doi:10.1001/jama.294.7.813. PMID 16106006.
- ↑ Mennel S, Barbazetto I, Meyer CH, Peter S, Stur M (2007). "Ocular photodynamic therapy--standard applications and new indications. Part 2. Review of the literature and personal experience". Ophthalmologica. 221 (5): 282–91. doi:10.1159/000104757. PMID 17728549.
- ↑ Thakar CV, Arrigain S, Worley S, Yared JP, Paganini EP (2005). "A clinical score to predict acute renal failure after cardiac surgery". J Am Soc Nephrol. 16 (1): 162–8. doi:10.1681/ASN.2004040331. PMID 15563569.
- ↑ Bahar I, Akgul A, Ozatik MA, Vural KM, Demirbag AE, Boran M; et al. (2005). "Acute renal failure following open heart surgery: risk factors and prognosis". Perfusion. 20 (6): 317–22. PMID 16363316.
- ↑ Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Work Group (2012). "2012 KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury". Kidey Int Supp. 2: 69–88. doi:10.1038/kisup.2011.34.